Wellness & Lifestyle / Practitioner article养生 · 医师专栏

Allergic Rhinitis at Home — What Temperature to Wash Bedding At, How to Rinse the Nose, and Five Situations in One Table

鼻敏感在家里怎么处理:床单洗几度、洗鼻子怎么洗,一张表看五种情况

The NHS advice is synthetic bedding and covers washed regularly at 60C and above; HealthHub says hot water at 55-60 °C is to remove dust mites, and recommends dust-mite-proof covers for mattresses, pillows and bolsters. Dust with a damp cloth, vacuum with a HEPA filter, and keep pets out of bedrooms. The NHS sets the nasal rinse out precisely: boil a pint of water and leave it to cool, add 1 teaspoon of salt and 1 teaspoon of bicarbonate of soda, up to 3 times a day, a new solution each time. One table then sets five common situations side by side — what the theory says, what is usually done, when to see a doctor first. Air-conditioning and haze are part 4; when to see a doctor first is part 5; the online consultation is part 6.
NHS 的做法是用合成纤维寝具、定期以 60°C 或以上清洗;HealthHub 说 55 到 60°C 的热水是为了除去尘螨,并建议床褥、枕头和长枕用防尘螨套。灰尘用湿布抹、吸尘机带 HEPA 滤网;不让宠物进卧室。洗鼻子的做法 NHS 写得很具体:烧开一品脱水放凉,加 1 茶匙盐和 1 茶匙小苏打,每天最多 3 次,每次新配。最后一张表把五种常见情况排在一起:理论怎么说、一般怎么做、什么时候先看医生。冷气与烟霾在第 4 篇,什么时候先看医生在第 5 篇,线上问诊在第 6 篇。
Part 3 of 6 in the allergic rhinitis series. Part 1 is what allergic rhinitis is and what histamine does; part 2 is how TCM reads the nose; part 4 is air-conditioning and haze; part 5 is when to see a doctor first; part 6 is what an online consultation does.

"So what can I do at home?" Once the what and the why are covered, that is the next question.

This part is the measures at home: what temperature to wash bedding at, what to do about dust, and how to rinse the nose. Each measure says whose it is.

The short version

  • Synthetic bedding and covers, washed regularly at 60C and above — the NHS. HealthHub says hot water at 55-60 °C is to remove dust mites.
  • Dust-mite-proof covers on mattresses, pillows and bolsters; remove rugs or carpets, minimise items on the bed — those are HealthHub's.
  • Dust with a damp cloth, use a vacuum with a HEPA filter, keep the home dry and well-ventilated, and no pets in bedrooms — those are the NHS's.
  • The rinse, the NHS's method: boil a pint of water and let it cool, add 1 teaspoon of salt and 1 teaspoon of bicarbonate of soda, up to 3 times a day, a new solution each time. Boiled, cooled, fresh.
  • All of it is aimed at one step: less contact with the allergen. One table at the end sets five common situations side by side.

First, the things that cannot wait

Difficulty breathing, wheezing, speaking in short phrases, or blue lips — call 999 now, or go to the nearest hospital emergency department.

A nosebleed lasting longer than 10 to 15 minutes, or bleeding that seems excessive — the NHS nosebleed page puts this one in A&E. Call 999 now, or go to the nearest hospital emergency department.

Persistent one-sided blockage, repeated nosebleeds, or blood-streaked discharge — have a doctor establish the cause first; do not treat it as allergic rhinitis yourself. The full list is in part 5.

⚠️ A safety note: TCM and Western medicine complement each other; it is not a choice between them. If you are under medical treatment, TCM care is a layer added on top — not a layer swapped in.

A note: this section is general information only. For conditions like these, follow your doctor's diagnosis and treatment, and seek medical attention when you need it.

I. At home: bringing the exposure down

Start with the bedroom.

Bedding. The NHS advice is synthetic bedding and covers, "wash bedding regularly at 60C and above". HealthHub gives the purpose: wash bedding with hot water at "55-60 °C" frequently "to remove dust mites", and encase mattresses, pillows and bolsters in dust-mite-proof covers.

Why the number is 60, neither page explains; this article gives only the temperature and the purpose.

Dust, and how much stuff. Dust with a damp cloth and use a vacuum with a HEPA filter, says the NHS. HealthHub says to vacuum and mop frequently to get rid of the dust mites and insect droppings, and to remove rugs or carpets and minimise items on the bed — stuffed toys, cushions — because they may collect dust. No need to throw everything out.

The house itself. Keep it dry and well-ventilated, deal with any damp and condensation, and do not allow pets in bedrooms. Both are on the same NHS page. There is sun every day here and sunning the bedding is a habit, but the sourced measure is the wash temperature, not the sun.

💡 Remember: all of these are aimed at one step — less contact with the allergen, the start of part 1's chain.

II. How to rinse the nose

The NHS lists salt water sprays or solutions among what a pharmacist can advise, and sets the method out precisely: boil a pint of water and leave it to cool; mix in 1 teaspoon of salt and 1 teaspoon of bicarbonate of soda; wash your hands. Then, over a sink, pour a little into a cupped palm and sniff it into 1 nostril at a time, breathing through your mouth and letting the water run back into the sink; up to 3 times a day, making a new solution each time. A pint is around 570ml — that conversion is on the NHS sinusitis page.

The point is boiled, cooled, fresh each time. Never tap water as it comes, and not yesterday's batch.

It is a general measure, not a substitute for a diagnosis. If pharmacy treatments are not working, the NHS says see a doctor.

III. One table: five common situations

SituationWhat TCM theory saysUsual practiceWhen to see a doctor first
Sneezing and clear discharge the moment you wakeThe lung opens into the nose; the lung dislikes cold; the theory holds that the early morning is cool and wind-cold enters easily through the noseWarm the nose and neck on waking, a warm drink (the theory's direction); bedding at 60C and above, which HealthHub says is to remove dust mites; dust-mite-proof coversSymptoms getting worse, affecting sleep and everyday life, or pharmacy treatments not working: the NHS says see a doctor
Blocked the moment you enter an air-conditioned roomThe lung dislikes cold; the theory holds that a cold draught on the nose and mouth chills lung qi firstVent away from your face, a thin jacket handy (the theory's direction); the NHS lists very hot or cold temperatures and humidity among causes of non-allergic rhinitis. Air-conditioning and the car in detail: part 4Not sure what is causing it: the NHS says see a doctor
Dry, itchy nose and more sneezing in haze weeksThe lung opens into the nose; the theory holds that unclean air enters the lung through the nose firstCheck the Air Pollutant Index (API); the MOH says the high-risk group wears a mask outdoors at 101 to 200 and everyone does at 201 to 300. Which mask, and how the API is calculated: part 4People with health problems: the MOH says see a doctor at 201 to 300; difficulty breathing or wheezing means call 999 now, or go to the nearest hospital emergency department
Constant clear discharge, itchy eyesThe fluid of the lung is nasal discharge; the theory holds that when the lung takes wind-cold, the discharge runs clear and copiousAvoid your allergens as far as you can; rinse the nose; no pets in the bedroom (the NHS); remove rugs or carpets (HealthHub)Blood-streaked discharge, a reduced sense of smell, a persistent fever — see part 5
One-sided blockage, repeated nosebleedsThis row has no theory line: a Western doctor establishes the cause firstFor a nosebleed, sit and lean forward, pinch the nose just above the nostrils for 10 to 15 minutes, breathe through your mouth (the NHS)Regular nosebleeds: the NHS says see a doctor; a nosebleed lasting longer than 10 to 15 minutes or bleeding that seems excessive means call 999 now, or go to the nearest hospital emergency department

In the table, "see a doctor" means a Klinik Kesihatan or clinic visit; the "call 999 now" situations do not wait for a clinic.

The "what TCM theory says" column is how the theory explains it, not a judgement about you. One-clause meanings for the second column's terms are below; the full account is in part 2.

💡 Remember: the fourth column lists situations that get mixed up with "allergic rhinitis" and should be ruled out by a Western doctor first. Rule out first, then adjust.

The words in this part

  • House dust mite (尘螨) — one of the NHS's common allergies; HealthHub says washing bedding at 55-60 °C is to remove it.
  • Dust-mite-proof cover (防尘螨套) — HealthHub's recommendation: encase mattresses, pillows and bolsters.
  • The lung opens into the nose (肺开窍于鼻) — the World Health Organization's TCM terminology standard, verbatim: "The nose is the opening of the lung."
  • The lung dislikes cold (肺恶寒) — same standard: intolerant of cold, connected with the skin and body hair, its qi easily damaged by exogenous pathogenic cold.
  • The fluid of the lung is nasal discharge (肺在液为涕) — same standard: "Nasal discharge is associated with the lung."

Frequently asked

Does rinsing the nose help? The NHS lists salt water sprays or solutions among what a pharmacist can advise; the method is in section II above. It is a general measure, not a substitute for a diagnosis; if pharmacy treatments are not working, see a doctor.

The other five parts

👉 If you are not sure which of these measures mean anything for your kind of nose, you are welcome to book an online consultation with HansMed, where a practitioner registered under the T&CM Act 2016 can assess it with you; if anything in "First, the things that cannot wait" above or in part 5 applies, see a doctor first.

Sit with a licensed TCM practitioner from wherever you are.

HansMed Modern TCM

For general wellness education only — not medical advice. Consult a registered TCM practitioner for personal guidance.

Sources

  • NHS, Allergic rhinitis, page last reviewed 08 January 2026 — https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/allergic-rhinitis/
  • NHS, Sinusitis (sinus infection), page last reviewed 31 January 2024 — https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sinusitis-sinus-infection/
  • NHS, Nosebleed, page last reviewed 05 December 2023 — https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nosebleed/
  • Singapore MOH HealthHub, Allergic Rhinitis, article last reviewed 24 July 2026 — https://www.healthhub.sg/health-conditions/allergic-rhinitis
  • Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Langkah-Langkah Pencegahan Semasa Jerebu, last updated 29 September 2025 — https://www.moh.gov.my/teras/info-kesihatan/jerebu/artikel-dan-panduan-pengguna-berkaitan-jerebu/langkah-langkah-pencegahan-semasa-jerebu
  • World Health Organization, WHO international standard terminologies on traditional Chinese medicine, 2022 — https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240042322
本文是「鼻敏感」系列的第 3 篇,共 6 篇。第 1 篇讲鼻敏感是什么、组织胺做什么,第 2 篇讲中医怎么看鼻子,第 4 篇讲冷气与烟霾天,第 5 篇讲什么时候要先看医生,第 6 篇讲线上问诊会做什么。

「那我在家可以做什么?」讲完是什么、为什么,接下来就是这一句。

这一篇是家里的做法:床单洗几度、灰尘怎么处理、洗鼻子怎么洗。每一项都写明是谁说的。

一分钟看完

  • 寝具用合成纤维,定期以 60°C 或以上清洗——这是 NHS 的。HealthHub 说 55 到 60°C 的热水是为了除去尘螨。
  • 床褥、枕头和长枕用防尘螨套;移走地毯、减少床上的物品——这几项是 HealthHub 的。
  • 灰尘用湿布抹,吸尘机要带 HEPA 滤网;家里保持干燥通风;不让宠物进卧室——这几项是 NHS 的。
  • 洗鼻子的做法是 NHS 的:烧开一品脱水放凉,加 1 茶匙盐和 1 茶匙小苏打,每天最多 3 次,每次新配。重点在「烧开、放凉、每次新配」。
  • 这些做法对着的都是同一步:少接触过敏原。文末一张表把五种常见情况排在一起。

先说不能等的几件事

呼吸困难、喘鸣、说话时断句、嘴唇发紫——请立刻拨打 999,或前往最近的医院急诊部。

流鼻血超过 10 到 15 分钟,或出血量大——NHS 的流鼻血页把这一项放在急诊。请立刻拨打 999,或前往最近的医院急诊部。

单侧持续鼻塞、反覆流鼻血,或鼻涕带血——先让医生查明原因,不要当成鼻敏感自己处理。完整的清单,见第 5 篇。

⚠️ 安全提醒:中医与西医是互相补位的关系,不是二选一。若您正在西医治疗中,中医调理是加上去的一层,不是拿来替换的那一层。

小提醒:本段仅为一般知识说明。相关情况请以西医的诊断与治疗为主,并在需要时及时就医。

一、家里:把接触量降下来

先从卧室开始。

寝具。 NHS 的建议是用合成纤维的寝具和套子,并定期以 60°C 或以上清洗。HealthHub 写了目的:以 55 到 60°C 的热水经常清洗寝具,是为了除去尘螨;床褥、枕头和长枕用防尘螨套。

60 这个数字为什么是 60,两页都没有解释;这篇只给温度和目的。

灰尘与东西的数量。 用湿布抹尘,用带 HEPA 滤网的吸尘机——这是 NHS 的。HealthHub 说经常吸尘和拖地是为了清除尘螨和昆虫排泄物,并建议移走地毯、减少床上的物品,例如毛绒玩具、抱枕,因为它们可能积尘。不必全部丢掉。

屋子本身。 保持家里干燥通风,处理潮湿和冷凝;不让宠物进卧室——两句都在 NHS 同一页。大马太阳天天有,晒被单是习惯,但有来源的做法是清洗温度,不是晒。

💡 记住:这几件事对着的都是同一步——少接触过敏原,也就是第 1 篇那条线的起点。

二、洗鼻子怎么做

NHS 把盐水喷雾或盐水冲洗列为药剂师可以建议的做法之一,做法写得很具体:烧开一品脱水,放凉;加入 1 茶匙盐和 1 茶匙小苏打;洗手。然后在洗手盆上,用手掌盛一点溶液,一次一个鼻孔吸入,用口呼吸,让水流回洗手盆;每天最多 3 次,每次新配。一品脱约 570 毫升——这个换算在 NHS 的鼻窦炎页上。

重点在「烧开、放凉、每次新配」。不用生水,也不用昨天剩下的。

它是一般做法,不取代诊断。药剂师的药没有帮助,NHS 说看医生。

三、一张表:五种常见情况

情况中医理论的说法一般做法什么时候先看医生
早上一起床就打喷嚏、流清涕肺开窍于鼻、肺恶寒;理论认为清晨气温低,风寒容易从鼻窍而入起床先暖鼻颈、喝温的(理论的方向);寝具 60°C 以上清洗,HealthHub 说目的是除去尘螨;防尘螨套症状加重、影响睡眠和日常生活、药剂师的药没有帮助,NHS 说看医生
一进冷气房就鼻塞肺恶寒;理论认为冷风直吹口鼻,肺气先受寒出风口不对着脸、备一件薄外套(理论的方向);NHS 把过高或过低的温度和湿度列为非过敏性鼻炎的原因之一。冷气与车里的细节,见第 4 篇不确定是什么引起的,NHS 说看医生
烟霾周鼻子干痒、喷嚏多肺开窍于鼻;理论认为不洁的空气从鼻窍先入肺看空气污染指数(API);卫生部说 101 至 200 高风险群体外出戴口罩,201 至 300 所有人外出戴。口罩选哪一种、API 怎么算,见第 4 篇有健康问题的人,卫生部说在 201 至 300 看医生;呼吸困难、喘鸣,请立刻拨打 999,或前往最近的医院急诊部
一直流清涕、眼睛痒肺在液为涕;理论认为肺受风寒,涕就清而多尽量避开过敏原;洗鼻子;宠物不进卧室(NHS);移走地毯(HealthHub)鼻涕带血、嗅觉减退、持续发烧——见第 5 篇
单侧鼻塞、反覆流鼻血这一行没有理论的说法:先由西医查明原因流鼻血时坐下前倾、捏住鼻翼上方 10 到 15 分钟、用口呼吸(NHS)反覆流鼻血,NHS 说看医生;流鼻血超过 10 到 15 分钟或出血量大,请立刻拨打 999,或前往最近的医院急诊部

表里「看医生」指 Klinik Kesihatan 或诊所的门诊;「立刻拨打 999」的情况,不等门诊。

「中医理论的说法」一栏是理论怎么解释,不是给您的判断。第二栏那几个词的一句话解释在下面,整段说明在第 2 篇。

💡 记住:这张表的第四栏,是与「鼻敏感」常被混在一起、但应该先由西医排除的情况。先排除,再调理。

这篇出现的几个词

  • 尘螨 house dust mite——NHS 列出的常见过敏原之一;HealthHub 说寝具用 55 到 60°C 热水清洗,目的就是除去它。
  • 防尘螨套 HDM-proof cover——HealthHub 的建议:床褥、枕头和长枕都套上。
  • 肺开窍于鼻——世界卫生组织中医术语标准的原句:鼻是肺的开窍。
  • 肺恶寒——同一份标准:肺不耐寒,与皮肤、体毛相连;肺气容易被外来的寒邪所伤。
  • 肺在液为涕——同一份标准:鼻涕与肺相关。

常见问题

洗鼻子有用吗? NHS 把盐水喷雾或盐水冲洗列为药剂师可以建议的做法之一,做法见上面第二节。它是一般做法,不取代诊断;药剂师的药没有帮助,NHS 说看医生。

这个系列的另外五篇

👉 如果您不确定「这些做法里,哪几项对我这种鼻子有意义」,欢迎透过汉方中医的线上问诊,由依 2016 年 T&CM 法令注册的医师为您评估;若有本文「先说不能等的几件事」或第 5 篇列出的情况,请先看医生。

无论身在何处,与持证中医师对坐。

汉方现代中医

本内容仅供健康知识分享,不构成医疗建议。如需个人化建议,请咨询注册中医师。

资料来源

  • NHS,Allergic rhinitis,页面最后审阅 2026 年 1 月 8 日 — https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/allergic-rhinitis/
  • NHS,Sinusitis (sinus infection),页面最后审阅 2024 年 1 月 31 日 — https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sinusitis-sinus-infection/
  • NHS,Nosebleed,页面最后审阅 2023 年 12 月 5 日 — https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/nosebleed/
  • 新加坡卫生部 HealthHub,Allergic Rhinitis,文章最后审阅 2026 年 7 月 24 日 — https://www.healthhub.sg/health-conditions/allergic-rhinitis
  • 马来西亚卫生部,Langkah-Langkah Pencegahan Semasa Jerebu,最后更新 2025 年 9 月 29 日 — https://www.moh.gov.my/teras/info-kesihatan/jerebu/artikel-dan-panduan-pengguna-berkaitan-jerebu/langkah-langkah-pencegahan-semasa-jerebu
  • 世界卫生组织,WHO international standard terminologies on traditional Chinese medicine,2022 — https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240042322
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